Hydroplane.



L. BAZAINE. v

HYDROPLANE.

APPLIGATION FILED 110118.11114.

L125,'794 Patented Jan. 19, 1915,

' 2 SHEETSSHEET l.

/OZ/enl or L. BAZAINE.

HYDBOPLANE. APPLIUATION FILED Nov.1s,1914.

1 ,125,794, Patented Jan. 19, 1915.

2 SHEETB-SHBBT 2.

Atte/S1; Invmwr,

chyfcJM/,M zeon uz-ame,

"nnen manine, or :santas-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE.

TQallwhom/tmnyncncem i it known thatll, Lilou BAZAINm a citizen of the.v French'. Republic,v residing at Issy-lesMonlineau'x, Seine, France, hayeinvented certain new v anduseful Im 'rovements in Hydroplanes, 'of which the ollow.-

ing is a specitication.

This invention' relatesto hydroplamesv or gliding boats ivithaerialpropeller. i

The invention comprises the combination with a central hullcarrying the engine', the tank, the. steering apparatus, these'ats fer the. drivers and passengers etc., lofl twoy .der tachable lateral floats 'carrying sustaining bodies of variable inclinatiom'which, f when the apparatus is traveling at'fullspeedare alone exposed to the dynamic reactions, thecentral hull being then out of the water.

rlhe inclinations of the sustaining bodies can b be controlled independently or collectively forl balancing and steering pur-prises.. l

In the accompanying drawing givenby way of example, Figure: ly shows a longitudinal elevation of a construction ofahvdro.- plane according to this invention; Fig. 2 is a corresponding view in plan; and Fig. 3 is a frontelevation of the apparatus. Fig. 4jis an enlargeddetail elevational'view of one of the hand Wheels,4

As shown inthe drawing. the apparatus is chiefly constituted bv a' hull z having any suitable shape, but which, vin theexample illustrated is. of IQCta-ngular shape and rounded ofi in front. The' bottom is dat or mav be serratedor corrugated,4 and, raised in front. This hull, which may be made of wood or metal, comprises a certain number of water-tight. chambers. lt. insures the ioatiug ofthe whole apparatus. l'lllhe hull 4 is combinedlwith lateral floats 'the arrangement and number of which maybe any desired. These floats may be of any known type, and they are connected to the hull a ,by means of suitable shock absorbers or springs.- The iioats are, however, preferably constructed as follows z-Each fioat is formed of two lateral girders-c firmly connected togetherfin the interior of which can move bodies d formingsustaining planes or surfaces, and having for instance the shape of wedges and movable about a transversev axis e arranged at their front edge. The movement of the wedgesd. and consequently their inclination relatively to the body of the float b, can be regulated land controlled of a screw f and handwheelg. In this way,`

Specicationnf ietterslatent.; lkllsytnjteld am, 19,1915, v

any s uitableinclination can be given to the v I lower portion'ofl the We'dgesd, the surface of which maybe -fiat or suitably curved. The, wedges thus form projections from'the fioats, Springs or otherishock-absprhers nia-Kbs inserted between the, Wedges d, and

the frame or the control members forthe purpose ofabsorbing shocks. rlhe number of the planes or wedges d., as wellgas their volume and respective dimensions,- depend on` the qualities to be obtained. Care must be however taken to have a sufficient number,

Aso that the Contact surfaces should have the tendencyl tobecoine. continuous, which reduces shocks. v

ln the construction illustrated. each float has three pivoted planes (Z which. under the dynamic reactions,.raise the hull (Z out of water. when the apparatus is traveling at full speed. The working andthe etliciency depend on the submerged surfaces and on their inclination (apart from the resistance of the air whichL is constant lfor a given speed). K

B v means ofthe hand wheels g' or like regulating parts, the dimensions and the respective positionsof the planes d relatively to the water level being given, it is possible to vary the extent/oi-n the surfaces and the in clinations, which consequently modifies the working. oitl the apparatus. lt is thereby possiblefto insure the highest possible efiiciency, and consequently speed, which could no t be obtained with planes o'a constant incli'nzuaion.'` l'llhis possibility of independent regulation of. each ofthe planes Z makes it finally possible "to yobtain perfect balancing, the inclined plane being considered' as can increase without the gliding boat having. the tendency to come out ot the water, which is possible in other constructions and which, in combinatlon with bad balancing, produces shocks which are eX- ceedingly dangerous in apparatus of this They are preferably filled with kapok or other swelling material; They may therefore burst or leak Without this being in any way dangerous, so that, since they are alone exposed to shocks-fas when traveling at full speed, the central hull rises out of the water-the buoyancy of the apparatus is not endangered. Moreover, owing to the construction adopted, it is possible to remove quickly a damaged Wedge for the purpose of replacing lit byanother.

It is obvious that instead of using wedges d, it would be possible `to use ordinary planes coincident with their lower surface, but in that case the water passing abovethe planes, plays an injurious part more particularly at low and medium speeds.

Such a gliding apparatus can be steered like any ship by means of vertical rudders k, but the arrangement according to this invention has a further advantage of providing for turning or rotating by differential controlof the inclination of the planes al. It is sufficient invthat case to connect the hand wheels g by any suitable gear. The movements to be effected 'in the latter case are similar to the manipulation of warping or to the manipulation of surfaces playing a similar part in aeroplanes, and produce the same phenomena. I

The floats b, such as described, are more particularly suitable for a hydroplane; It would be sufficient simply to give them a suflicient volume by making them in the form of a water-tight chamber, under the bottom and between lateral sides of which would be pivoted the planes or wedges d,

the whole of which form projections 'from the float.

The main feature of the gliding apparatus described is that the members taking up the dynamic reactions, at high speeds, are numerous bodies d of smallcapacity, the inclinations of which are variable. These variations in the relative inclinations are either determined beforehand or can be modied while traveling at the will of the pilot, for the purpose of insuring the balancing and the steering of the apparatus in the same way as in an aeroplane.

`What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is s- 1.` In a hydroplane, a hull, a motor and aerial propeller for driving the hull, a plurality of floatsl attached laterally to the hull, transverse axes arranged in the floats, wedge shaped sustaining bodies pivoted at their apices on the transverse axes and arranged Within the floats Jwith their sustaining surfaces projecting downwardly from the floats, shock absorbing means forthe sustaining bodies, screws adapted to adjust the inclinations of the sustaining bodies, and control gear for operating the screws individually and collectively.

v2. In a hydroplane, a floating hull, watertight compartmentsin the hull, a motor and aerial propeller for driving 'the hull, a plurality of floats attached laterally to the hull, transverse axes arranged in the floats, wedge shaped sustaining bodies pivoted at their apices on the transverse axes and arranged within the floats with their sustaining surfaces 'projecting downwardly from the floats, and means for varying the inclinations of the sustaining surfaces relatively to the water line and to each other.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LON BAZAINE.

Witnesses:

VICTOR DUPONT, DE Wrrr C. lPooLn, Jr. 

